Category: Subjective Body

Hypodescent

Dovidio, J. F., Gaertner, S. L., & Pearson, A. R. (2017). Aversive Racism and Contemporary Bias.

Ho, A. K., Sidanius, J., Levin, D. T., & Banaji, M. R. (2011). Evidence for hypodescent and racial hierarchy in the categorization and perception of biracial individuals. Journal of personality and social psychology, 100(3), 492.

Pauker, K., Meyers, C., Sanchez, D. T., Gaither, S. E., & Young, D. M. (2018). A review of multiracial malleability: Identity, categorization, and shifting racial attitudes. Social and Personality Psychology Compass, 12(6), e12392.

Rajan-Rankin, S. (2018). Race, embodiment, and later life: Re-animating aging bodies of color. Journal of Aging Studies, 45, 32–38.

Veenstra, G. (2011). Mismatched racial identities, colourism, and health in Toronto and Vancouver. Social Science & Medicine, 73(8), 1152–1162.

Vince, R. (2024). After Objectification: Locating Harm. Journal of Applied Philosophy, 41(3), 442-462.

Young, D. M., Sanchez, D. T., Pauker, K., & Gaither, S. E. (2021). A meta-analytic review of hypodescent patterns in categorizing multiracial and racially ambiguous targets. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 47(5), 705–727.

Socialisation + social expectancy

Cash, T. F. (1990). Losing hair, losing points?: The effects of male pattern baldness on social impression formation.

Herman, C. P., Zanna, M. P. & Higgins, E. T. (Eds.) (2022). Physical appearance, stigma, and social behavior. Psychology Press.

St. Bernard, J. and Gallagher, S. (2023). Race and the implicit aspects of embodied social interaction. In J. R. Thompson, The Routledge handbook of philosophy and implicit cognition (pp. 313-323). Routledge.

Synder, M. (2015). On the perpetuating nature of social stereotypes. In D. L. Hamilton (Ed.) Cognitive processes in stereotyping and intergroup behavior (pp. 183-212). Psychology Press.

Snyder, M., Tanke, E. D., & Berscheid, E. (1977). Social perception and interpersonal behavior: On the self-fulfilling nature of social stereotypes.

Ideal White aesthetic as…

Bowen, T. M. (2021). Toward a new classics: A de-and reconstruction of the Classics in the classroom and beyond.

Guédron, M. (2009). Nature, ideal and caricature. The perception of physical types among the first anthropologists. 

Hodne, L. (2020). Winckelmann’s Apollo and the physionomy of race.

Jones, J. (2019). Roman Statues Weren’t White; They Were Once Painted in Vivid, Bright Colors. Open Culture.

Painter, N. I. (2010). The history of White people. WW Norton & Company.

Pharos: Doing justice to the Classics.

Potts, A. (1994). Flesh and the ideal: Winckelmann and the origins of art history. Yale University Press.

Cacophobia: the fear of ugliness

Cavico, F. J., Muffler, S. C., & Mujtaba, B. G. (2012). Appearance Discrimination, Lookism And Lookphobia In The Workplace. Journal of Applied Business Research.

Martin‐Seaver, M. (2023). Personal beauty and personal agency. Philosophy Compass.

Mason, A. (2021). What’s wrong with everyday lookism? Politics, Philosophy & Economics.

Mason, A. (2023). What’s wrong with lookism? Personal appearance, discrimination, and disadvantage. Oxford University Press.

Minerva, F. (2017). The invisible discrimination before our eyes: A bioethical analysis. Bioethics.

Spiegel, T. J. (2023). Lookism as epistemic injustice. Social Epistemology.

Takáč, P. (2020). Current issues in aesthetics and beyond: revisiting lookism. Ethics & Bioethics.

Zylbersztejn, A., Babutsidze, Z., Hanaki, N., & Hopfensitz, A. (2024). How beautiful people see the world: Cooperativeness judgments of and by beautiful people. Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization.

Ways of seeing

Arfini, S. & Magnani, L. (2022). Embodied, extended, ignorant minds: New studies on the nature of not-knowing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-01922-7. Springer.

Hardy, K. V. (2022). The enduring, invisible, and ubiquitous centrality of whiteness. W. W. Norton & Company.

Maise, M. (2022). Mindshaping, racist habits, and white ignorance. In S. Arfini and L. Magnani (Eds.), Embodied, extended, ignorant minds: New studies on the nature of not-knowing (pp. 77-98). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-01922-7_5. Springer.

Mills, C. (1997). The racial contract. Cornell University Press.

Mills, C. W. (2017). Philosophy and the Racial Contract. In N. Zack (Ed.), The Oxford Handbook of Philosophy and Race (pp. 65-76). Oxford University Press.

Roberts, S. O., & Mortenson, E. (2023). Challenging the White= neutral framework in psychology. Perspectives on Psychological Science.

Whitt, M. S. (2016). Other people’s problems: Student distancing, epistemic responsibility, and injustice. Studies in Philosophy and Education.

The brain as a prediction processor

Badcock, P. B., Friston, K. J., Ramstead, M. J., Ploeger, A., & Hohwy, J. (2019). The hierarchically mechanistic mind: an evolutionary systems theory of the human brain, cognition, and behavior. Cognitive, Affective, & Behavioral Neuroscience, 19, 1319-1351.

de Lange, F. P. d., Heilbron, M., & Kok, P. (2018). How do expectations shape perception? Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 22(9), 764-779.

Walsh, K. S., McGovern, D. P., Clark, A., & O’Connell, R. G. (2020). Evaluating the neurophysiological evidence for predictive processing as a model of perception. Annals of the new York Academy of Sciences, 1464(1), 242-268.

Exploration + Interoception

Craig, A. D. (2003). Interoception: the sense of the physiological condition of the body. Current opinion in neurobiology, 13(4), 500-505.

Critchley, H. D., & Garfinkel, S. N. (2017). Interoception and emotion. Current opinion in psychology, 17, 7-14.

Ramsay, D. S., & Woods, S. C. (2014). Clarifying the roles of homeostasis and allostasis in physiological regulation. Psychological review, 121(2), 225.

Quadt, L., Critchley, H. D., & Garfinkel, S. N. (2018). Interoception and emotion: shared mechanisms and clinical implications. In M. Tsakiris & H. De Preester (eds.). The Interoceptive Mind: From Homeostasis to Awareness , (pp. 123-143). Oxford Academic.